USA: The United States is steadily expanding its geothermal energy sector as states aim to diversify their power sources. Unlike some other renewables, geothermal has continued to receive government backing, while new technologies are expected to drive further growth.
Geothermal energy works by drilling into underground heat stored in rocks and water beneath the Earth’s surface. This heat is used to produce steam, which powers turbines and generates low-carbon electricity. Most plants are located in western states, with California and Nevada leading in capacity.
New advances in enhanced geothermal systems (EGS) are transforming the industry. Traditional plants rely on naturally occurring reservoirs, but EGS uses advanced drilling techniques to create artificial reservoirs in hot rock. This opens up opportunities in areas where geothermal energy was previously inaccessible.
Currently, US geothermal capacity stands at about 2.7 GW, a small share of total energy production. However, estimates suggest EGS could unlock up to 150 GW, with vast potential in the southwest alone. The first US EGS plant is expected to begin operating in 2026.
Fervo Energy is at the forefront of this development, working on major projects in Utah and Nevada. Its Cape Station project could become the world’s largest EGS site, while another facility will supply clean power to major customers, including data centres.
With continued federal funding and policy support, geothermal energy could play a vital role in delivering stable, clean electricity and strengthening national energy security.
Source: Oilprice.com
